Pathology
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Atlas of Bone Marrow pathology
Mojmir Moulis, Josef Feit et al.
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+ Introduction
+ Using this atlas
+ Conditions of using this atlas
+ Technical notes
+ Hardware
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+ How to use the atlas
+ Navigating through the text pages
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+ Logos and labels
+ What will you need to use the atlas
+ Bugs, problems
+ Netscape
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+ Some other Internet resources concerning dermatopathology and pathology
+ Support
+ Support
+ Bone Marrow Pathology
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Histological evaluation of the trephine biopsy core
+ Normal bone marrow
+ Bone Marrow Cellularity
+ Hematopoiesis
+ Non-tumorous Lesions of Bone Marrow
+ Reactive Hematopoietic Changes
+ Erythroid hyperplasia
+ Myeloid Hyperplasia
+ Eosinophilia
+ Increased Number of Megakaryocytes
+ Bone Marrow Hypoplasia and Aplasia
+ Aplastic Anemia
+ Pure red cell aplasia
+ Agranulocytosis
+ Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
+ Anemias
+ Posthemorrhagic anemias
+ Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Megaloblastic Anemia
+ Sideropenic Anemia
+ Chronic Kidney Disease Anemia
+ Anemias of Chronic Disorders
+ Hemolytic Anemias
+ Other anemias
+ Stromal Reaction and Bone Marrow Inflammation
+ Reactive lymphocytosis, benign lymphocytic aggregates
+ Reactive Plasmacytosis
+ Granulomas
+ Hemophagocytic Syndrome
+ Storage Diseases (Thesaurismosis)
+ Gaucher's Disease
+ Niemann–Pick Disease
+ Bone marrow tumorus diseases
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Unilineage Dysplasia (RCUD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia (RCMD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blats (RAEB)
+ MDS with Isolated 5q Deletion (5q-syndrome)
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome Unclassified (MDS NOS)
+ Myeloproliferative neoplasms
+ Polycythemia Vera (PV)
+ Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
+ Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
+ Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
+ Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
+ Mastocytosis
+ MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)
+ Myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative diseases (MDS/MPD)
+ Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
+ Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (aCML)
+ Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
+ Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases Unclassifiable
+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
+ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
+ Prolymphocytic Leukemia (PLL)
+ Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
+ Plasma Cell Neoplasms
+ Plasma Cell (Multiple) Myeloma
+ Solitary Plasmocytoma
+ Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
+ Other Lymphoproliferative Diseases
+ Histiocytoses
+ Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)
+ Letterer-Siwe Histiocytosis
+ Hand-Schüller-Christian Histiocytosis
+ Eosinophilic Granuloma
+ Histiocytic Sarcoma
+ Metastatic Infiltration of the Bone Marrow
+ Posttheraupetic a Posttransplant Hematopoietic Changes
+ Posttheraupetic Hematopoietic Changes
+ Restitution of Hematopoiesis
+ Persistent Alterations of Hematopoiesis.
+ Posttransplant Alterations of Hematopoiesis
+ Pathology of the Bone
+ Other Disorders
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Introduction

A group of clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cells, which are characterised by proliferation of one or more hematopoietic lineages. Maturation is relatively normal  — effective hematopoiesis.

Etiology

Most often unclear.

Clinical signs
  • predominantly elderly people (50 – 60 years of age)
  • incidence 6 – 9/100.000
  • polyglobulia
  • leukocytosis
  • thrombocytosis
  • organomegaly
Classification

WHO classifies MPNs into tho categories according to the presence of the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene:

  • BCR/ABL1 positive:
    • chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
  • BCR/ABL1 negative:
    • polycythemia vera (PV)
    • essential thrombocythemia (ET)
    • primary myelofibrosis (PMF)
    • chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
    • chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)
    • mastocytosis
    • MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)

Grades of bone marrow fibrosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms:

  • MF-0: scattered linear reticulin with no intersections
  • MF-1: loose network of reticulin with many intersections, especially in perivascular areas
  • MF-2: Diffuse and dense reticulin network with extensive intersections, occasionally with focal bundles of collagen or focal osteosclerosis
  • MF-3: Diffuse dense reticulin network with extensive intersections and coarse bundles of collagen, often associated with significant osteosclerosis
Polycythemia Vera (PV)
Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
Mastocytosis
MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)