Pathology
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Atlas of Bone Marrow pathology
Mojmir Moulis, Josef Feit et al.
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+ Bone Marrow Pathology
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Histological evaluation of the trephine biopsy core
+ Normal bone marrow
+ Bone Marrow Cellularity
+ Hematopoiesis
+ Non-tumorous Lesions of Bone Marrow
+ Reactive Hematopoietic Changes
+ Erythroid hyperplasia
+ Myeloid Hyperplasia
+ Eosinophilia
+ Increased Number of Megakaryocytes
+ Bone Marrow Hypoplasia and Aplasia
+ Aplastic Anemia
+ Pure red cell aplasia
+ Agranulocytosis
+ Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
+ Anemias
+ Posthemorrhagic anemias
+ Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Megaloblastic Anemia
+ Sideropenic Anemia
+ Chronic Kidney Disease Anemia
+ Anemias of Chronic Disorders
+ Hemolytic Anemias
+ Other anemias
+ Stromal Reaction and Bone Marrow Inflammation
+ Reactive lymphocytosis, benign lymphocytic aggregates
+ Reactive Plasmacytosis
+ Granulomas
+ Hemophagocytic Syndrome
+ Storage Diseases (Thesaurismosis)
+ Gaucher's Disease
+ Niemann–Pick Disease
+ Bone marrow tumorus diseases
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Unilineage Dysplasia (RCUD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia (RCMD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blats (RAEB)
+ MDS with Isolated 5q Deletion (5q-syndrome)
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome Unclassified (MDS NOS)
+ Myeloproliferative neoplasms
+ Polycythemia Vera (PV)
+ Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
+ Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
+ Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
+ Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
+ Mastocytosis
+ MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)
+ Myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative diseases (MDS/MPD)
+ Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
+ Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (aCML)
+ Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
+ Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases Unclassifiable
+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
+ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
+ Prolymphocytic Leukemia (PLL)
+ Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
+ Plasma Cell Neoplasms
+ Plasma Cell (Multiple) Myeloma
+ Solitary Plasmocytoma
+ Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
+ Other Lymphoproliferative Diseases
+ Histiocytoses
+ Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)
+ Letterer-Siwe Histiocytosis
+ Hand-Schüller-Christian Histiocytosis
+ Eosinophilic Granuloma
+ Histiocytic Sarcoma
+ Metastatic Infiltration of the Bone Marrow
+ Posttheraupetic a Posttransplant Hematopoietic Changes
+ Posttheraupetic Hematopoietic Changes
+ Restitution of Hematopoiesis
+ Persistent Alterations of Hematopoiesis.
+ Posttransplant Alterations of Hematopoiesis
+ Pathology of the Bone
+ Other Disorders
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Introduction

A group of clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cells, which are characterised by proliferation of one or more hematopoietic lineages. Maturation is relatively normal  — effective hematopoiesis.

Etiology

Most often unclear.

Clinical signs
  • predominantly elderly people (50 – 60 years of age)
  • incidence 6 – 9/100.000
  • polyglobulia
  • leukocytosis
  • thrombocytosis
  • organomegaly
Classification

WHO classifies MPNs into tho categories according to the presence of the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene:

  • BCR/ABL1 positive:
    • chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
  • BCR/ABL1 negative:
    • polycythemia vera (PV)
    • essential thrombocythemia (ET)
    • primary myelofibrosis (PMF)
    • chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
    • chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)
    • mastocytosis
    • MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)

Grades of bone marrow fibrosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms:

  • MF-0: scattered linear reticulin with no intersections
  • MF-1: loose network of reticulin with many intersections, especially in perivascular areas
  • MF-2: Diffuse and dense reticulin network with extensive intersections, occasionally with focal bundles of collagen or focal osteosclerosis
  • MF-3: Diffuse dense reticulin network with extensive intersections and coarse bundles of collagen, often associated with significant osteosclerosis