Fetopathology and developmental pathology of the embryo and fetus: Thrombosis of umbilical blood vessels

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Thrombosis of umbilical blood vessels

Etiology

umbilical cord compression and stasis in true knots, amniotic band constriction, torsion, velamentous insertion etc.
maternal of fetal thrombophilia
funisitis
unknown reason often

Clinical signs

Venous thrombi are more common than arterial thrombi. Fetal outcome is poor.