Fetopathology and developmental pathology of the embryo and fetus: Finger anomalies

+ Introduction

+ Support

+ Atlas of fetal pathology

+ Congenital malformations of individual organ systems

Finger anomalies

Syndactyly — fusion of fingers or toes, affects only skin or even a bone
Polydactyly — additional fingers or toes. The extra digit may be either a fully developed finger, an incomplete digit resulting in a broad or bifid digit or just a skin tag (appendix digitiformis).
Polysyndactyly — combination of additional digits (polydactyly) which are fused together.
Oligodactyly — reduced number of well formed fingers
Camptodactyly — permanent flexion of one or more fingers
Clinodactyly — fixed abnormal deviation of the finger. It typically affects the middle phalanx of the little finger, the distal phalanx is bent toward the fourth finger
Ectrodactyly (cleft hand/foot) — cleft in the central portion of a hand or foot due to the absence of central rays (f.e. in a hand central digits or metacarpales are absent, residual fingers usually show syndactyly). Also called a lobster claw deformity.

Polydactyly classification:

Pre-axial — rare Post-axial — 80% of cases Central — quite rare

Clinical signs

Syndactyly is quite frequent and occurs in approximately 1 of every 2500 births. The most common is bilateral syndactyly of toes. The incidence of polydactyly is approximately 1 – 2 in 1000 in whites but 10 times more frequent in blacks. These minor anomalies are often inherited in autosomal dominant trait.

Severe camptodactyly is usually associated with karyotypic anomalies or contracture syndromes

Pictures

Kamptodaktylie: Camptodactyly, Macro, autopsy (73678)

Clinodactyly, Down's syndrome: Clinodactyly, Macro, autopsy (73679)

Polydactyly, postaxial: Postaxial polydactyly, Macro, autopsy (73707)

Polydactyly, postaxial: Postaxial polydactyly, Macro, autopsy (73708)

Polydactyly, postaxial, syndrome of Patau: Postaxial polydactyly, Patau, Macro, autopsy (73709) Postaxial polydactyly, Patau, Macro, autopsy (73710)

Polydactyly, preaxial: Polydactyly, preaxial, Macro, autopsy (73711)

Split hand: Split hand, Macro, autopsy (73716)

Syndactyly: Syndactyly, Macro, autopsy (73721)

Syndactyly: Syndactyly, Macro, autopsy (73722)

Syndactyly: Syndactyly, Macro, autopsy (73723)