Pathology
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Atlas of Bone Marrow pathology
Mojmir Moulis, Josef Feit et al.
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+ Introduction
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+ Support
+ Support
+ Bone Marrow Pathology
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Histological evaluation of the trephine biopsy core
+ Normal bone marrow
+ Bone Marrow Cellularity
+ Hematopoiesis
+ Non-tumorous Lesions of Bone Marrow
+ Reactive Hematopoietic Changes
+ Erythroid hyperplasia
+ Myeloid Hyperplasia
+ Eosinophilia
+ Increased Number of Megakaryocytes
+ Bone Marrow Hypoplasia and Aplasia
+ Aplastic Anemia
+ Pure red cell aplasia
+ Agranulocytosis
+ Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
+ Anemias
+ Posthemorrhagic anemias
+ Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Megaloblastic Anemia
+ Sideropenic Anemia
+ Chronic Kidney Disease Anemia
+ Anemias of Chronic Disorders
+ Hemolytic Anemias
+ Other anemias
+ Stromal Reaction and Bone Marrow Inflammation
+ Reactive lymphocytosis, benign lymphocytic aggregates
+ Reactive Plasmacytosis
+ Granulomas
+ Hemophagocytic Syndrome
+ Storage Diseases (Thesaurismosis)
+ Gaucher's Disease
+ Niemann–Pick Disease
+ Bone marrow tumorus diseases
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Unilineage Dysplasia (RCUD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia (RCMD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blats (RAEB)
+ MDS with Isolated 5q Deletion (5q-syndrome)
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome Unclassified (MDS NOS)
+ Myeloproliferative neoplasms
+ Polycythemia Vera (PV)
+ Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
+ Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
+ Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
+ Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
+ Mastocytosis
+ MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)
+ Myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative diseases (MDS/MPD)
+ Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
+ Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (aCML)
+ Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
+ Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases Unclassifiable
+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
+ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
+ Prolymphocytic Leukemia (PLL)
+ Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
+ Plasma Cell Neoplasms
+ Plasma Cell (Multiple) Myeloma
+ Solitary Plasmocytoma
+ Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
+ Other Lymphoproliferative Diseases
+ Histiocytoses
+ Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)
+ Letterer-Siwe Histiocytosis
+ Hand-Schüller-Christian Histiocytosis
+ Eosinophilic Granuloma
+ Histiocytic Sarcoma
+ Metastatic Infiltration of the Bone Marrow
+ Posttheraupetic a Posttransplant Hematopoietic Changes
+ Posttheraupetic Hematopoietic Changes
+ Restitution of Hematopoiesis
+ Persistent Alterations of Hematopoiesis.
+ Posttransplant Alterations of Hematopoiesis
+ Pathology of the Bone
+ Other Disorders
Erythroid hyperplasia
Etiology, pathogenesis
  • results from increased erythropoietin production due to chronic hypoxemia (high altitude stays, chronic lung diseases, cyanotic heart defects) or (rarely) due to erythropoietin-producing tumors (for example renal cell carcinoma)
  • or from an increased peripheral erythrocyte loss (for example hemolytic anemias)
Histology

The marrow is normo- or hypercellular with increased normoblastic erythropoiesis, which is organised in clusters. Erytropoietic precursors mature, often there is a left shift. Other hematopoietic lineages are normal.