Pathology
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Atlas of Bone Marrow pathology
Mojmir Moulis, Josef Feit et al.
Index
Contents
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+ Introduction
+ Using this atlas
+ Conditions of using this atlas
+ Technical notes
+ Hardware
+ Software
+ How to use the atlas
+ Navigating through the text pages
+ Controlling the pictures
+ Logos and labels
+ What will you need to use the atlas
+ Bugs, problems
+ Netscape
+ Microsoft Internet Explorer
+ Some other Internet resources concerning dermatopathology and pathology
+ Support
+ Support
+ Bone Marrow Pathology
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Bone Marrow Examination
+ Histological evaluation of the trephine biopsy core
+ Normal bone marrow
+ Bone Marrow Cellularity
+ Hematopoiesis
+ Non-tumorous Lesions of Bone Marrow
+ Reactive Hematopoietic Changes
+ Erythroid hyperplasia
+ Myeloid Hyperplasia
+ Eosinophilia
+ Increased Number of Megakaryocytes
+ Bone Marrow Hypoplasia and Aplasia
+ Aplastic Anemia
+ Pure red cell aplasia
+ Agranulocytosis
+ Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
+ Anemias
+ Posthemorrhagic anemias
+ Acute Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia
+ Megaloblastic Anemia
+ Sideropenic Anemia
+ Chronic Kidney Disease Anemia
+ Anemias of Chronic Disorders
+ Hemolytic Anemias
+ Other anemias
+ Stromal Reaction and Bone Marrow Inflammation
+ Reactive lymphocytosis, benign lymphocytic aggregates
+ Reactive Plasmacytosis
+ Granulomas
+ Hemophagocytic Syndrome
+ Storage Diseases (Thesaurismosis)
+ Gaucher's Disease
+ Niemann–Pick Disease
+ Bone marrow tumorus diseases
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Unilineage Dysplasia (RCUD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
+ Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia (RCMD)
+ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blats (RAEB)
+ MDS with Isolated 5q Deletion (5q-syndrome)
+ Myelodysplastic Syndrome Unclassified (MDS NOS)
+ Myeloproliferative neoplasms
+ Polycythemia Vera (PV)
+ Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
+ Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)
+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
+ Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
+ Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
+ Mastocytosis
+ MPN unclassifiable (MPN-U)
+ Myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative diseases (MDS/MPD)
+ Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
+ Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (aCML)
+ Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
+ Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases Unclassifiable
+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders
+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
+ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
+ Prolymphocytic Leukemia (PLL)
+ Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
+ Plasma Cell Neoplasms
+ Plasma Cell (Multiple) Myeloma
+ Solitary Plasmocytoma
+ Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
+ Other Lymphoproliferative Diseases
+ Histiocytoses
+ Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)
+ Letterer-Siwe Histiocytosis
+ Hand-Schüller-Christian Histiocytosis
+ Eosinophilic Granuloma
+ Histiocytic Sarcoma
+ Metastatic Infiltration of the Bone Marrow
+ Posttheraupetic a Posttransplant Hematopoietic Changes
+ Posttheraupetic Hematopoietic Changes
+ Restitution of Hematopoiesis
+ Persistent Alterations of Hematopoiesis.
+ Posttransplant Alterations of Hematopoiesis
+ Pathology of the Bone
+ Other Disorders
Anemias
Introduction

Anemia is an abnormally low number of circulating erythrocytes leading to low hemoglobin levels in peripheral blood (less than 130 g/l in men or 120 g/l in women).

The classification of anemias is complex and since it is a part of hematology, this text will focus on basic types of anemias and the morphological changes they cause in the bone marrow.

Clinical signs
  • fatigue
  • dyspnea
  • tachycardia with palpitations
  • pale skin
  • neurologic symptoms (dizziness, faintness, headache)
  • other
Classification
  • Anemia resulting from an increased peripheral blood loss
    • acute posthemorrhagic anemia
    • chronic posthemorrhagic anemia
  • Anemia resulting from a decreased erythrocyte production
    • megaloblastic anemia
    • sideropenic anemia
    • myelodysplastic syndrome
    • aplastic anamia
    • anemia caused by hematopoietic depression
    • chronic kidney disease anemia
    • anemias of chronic disorders
  • Anemia resulting from an increased erythrocyte destruction
    • hemolytic anemia
Posthemorrhagic anemias
Megaloblastic Anemia
Sideropenic Anemia
Chronic Kidney Disease Anemia
Anemias of Chronic Disorders
Hemolytic Anemias
Other anemias